Some refer to it as cactus pear, others as prickly pear, spineless cactus, or fig opuntia. Widely known in arid zones yet often neglected, Opuntia ficus-indica (OFI)—its scientific name—is a cactus shrub that could be a game-changer in dryland agriculture due to its hardy constitution and nutritional benefits.
With origins rooted in Mexico, OFI is highly valued for its adaptability to climate-challenged environments, making it a popular choice among farmers for food production and livestock feed. OFI offers a rich nutritional profile, providing essential vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants. Its cladodes (pads) are consumed as vegetables, while its sweet fruit is enjoyed fresh, processed into jams and juices, or fermented into beverages. OFI also serves as a dependable, moisture-rich feed for livestock, particularly in arid regions, helping to lower feeding costs and boost productivity. Additionally, it presents opportunities in bioenergy, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and bioplastics, further enhancing its economic value. OFI also thrives in arid conditions and poor soils, making it a low-cost crop to cultivate. It even significantly enhances soil organic matter, water content, and vegetation cover, ideal for combating desertification and soil erosion.
